Zhou Y.L., Nicholls J.A., Liu Z.H., Hartley D., Szito A., Ślipiński A., Zwick A. (2022). Molecular Phylogeny of Dermestidae (Coleoptera) Reveals the Polyphyletic Nature of Trogoderma Latreille and the Taxonomic Placement of the Khapra Beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts. Insect Systematics and Diversity 6(6): 2.

Author(s)Zhou, Yu-Lingzi; Nicholls, James A; Liu, Zhen-Hua; Hartley, Diana; Szito, Andras; Ślipiński, Adam; Zwick, Andreas
Title
Molecular Phylogeny of Dermestidae (Coleoptera) Reveals the Polyphyletic Nature of Trogoderma Latreille and the Taxonomic Placement of the Khapra Beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts
Journal TitleInsect Systematics and Diversity
Editor(s)Beutel, Rolf
DOI10.1093/isd/ixac026
URLhttps://academic.oup.com/isd/article/doi/10.1093/isd/ixac026/6822502
Volume6
Issue6
Page(s)2
DateNovember 11, 2022
Keywords
Abstract
The hide, larder, and carpet beetles (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) are a family of mainly scavenger beetles, with numerous species such as the khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898), the black carpet beetle [Attagenus unicolor (Brahm, 1791)] and the hide beetle (Dermestes maculatus De Geer, 1774) being widely recognized as serious economic pests of stored products and museum collections. A stable classification and reliable identification of genera and species of these pests and their 1,700 relatives are of great relevance for trade restrictions, biosecurity, pest management, forensics, and biodiversity surveys. In this study, we examined and sequenced mitochondrial genomes of 477 dermestid specimens, representing all subfamilies and 90% of the globally recognized tribes and subtribes. Our study provides the most comprehensive, taxonomically verified, and vouchered resource of mitochondrial reference sequences linked to specimen images and occurrence records of pests and their relatives, enabling eDNA surveys, metabarcoding and molecular species identification. It also reconstructs the phylogeny of Dermestidae based on molecular and morphological data for the first time, thereby providing robust phylogenetic hypotheses for a stable classification system from family to genus-level. Accordingly, a revised classification of Dermestidae with formal nomenclatural changes is proposed, recognizing six subfamilies: Orphilinae, Trinodinae, Trogoparvinae subfam. nov. (type genus TrogoparvusHáva, 2001), Dermestinae, Attageninae, and Megatominae. Trinodinae is recovered towards the base of Dermestidae with three tribes: Trinodini (=Trinoparvini syn. nov.), Thylodriini, and Trichelodini. Dermestinae is the only subfamily with adults lacking a median ocellus, and it includes the tribes Thorictini stat. nov. (that is downgraded from Thorictinae), Marioutini, and Dermestini. The endemic Australian genus Derbyana Lawrence and Ślipiński was recovered within Holarctic Dermestes Linnaeus. Attageninae is strongly supported and includes the monogeneric Adelaidiini and polygenic Attagenini. Former subgenera of Attagenus Latreille, i.e., Lanorus Mulsant and Rey (= Paranovelsis Casey syn. nov.), Telopes Redtenbacher and Aethriostoma Motschulsky, are elevated to generic level. The largest clade, Megatominae, is confirmed as monophyletic and is divided into three tribes: Anthrenini, Ctesiini, and Megatomini. Megatomini is divided into three subtribes: Megatomina, Orphinina subtribe nov. (type genus Orphinus Motschulsky), and Trogodermina. Within the economically important lineage Trogodermina, Trogoderma Latreille is delimited to contain only Holarctic species including the Khapra beetle T. granarium Everts, while a Southern Hemisphere clade is here recognized as Eurhopalus Solier in Gay, 1849 (= AnthrenocerusArrow, 1915; Myrmeanthrenus Armstrong, 1945; Neoanthrenus Armstrong, 1941; SodaliatomaHáva, 2013; Reesa Beal, 1967 syn. nov.). A revised classification of the extant genera of Dermestidae is also provided.
ISSN2399-3421
Document TypeJournal Article
Languageenglish
SeriesTechnical Bulletin
Citation Keyzhou_molecular_2022

Links & Files

Associated Taxa (37)

Taxon NameCited As (Verbatim)RelationshipStatusPage / Notes
Trogoparvinae (subfamily)
Original Description
accepted
p. 11, 14
Orphinina (subtribe)
Original Description
accepted
p. 11, 18
Jiriella (genus)
Synonymy
synonym
p. 8, 18 synonymized with Orphinus [s. str.] (separate from Curtophinus and Falsoorphinus which were placed as separate genera)
Falsoorphinus (subgenus)
Resurrection Molecular DataPhylogeny
provisionally accepted
p. 8, 18, 21 Resurrected from synonymy, genus rank
Attagenus (genus)
Redescription
accepted
Aethriostoma (genus)
Status ChangeResurrection
accepted
p. 14, 20 Elevated from subgenus to genus; also treated as a newly resurrected genus (although was in use as subgenus by Hava 2003-2022)
Derbyana (subgenus)
Status Change
provisionally accepted
p. 14, 20 Changed from genus to subgenus of Dermestes
Telopes (genus)Telopes
Status ChangeResurrection
provisionally accepted
p. 14, 20 Elevated from subgenus to genus; treated as a newly resurrected genus. Telopes was not in use for a long period until Hava, 2021
Apphianini (tribe)
Citation
accepted
p. 15
Anthrenocerina (subtribe)
Synonymy
synonym
p. 18 Phylogenetic study finds that Anthrenocerus is deeply nested within "Trogoderma" (s. lato), therefore "Anthrenocerina" is fully redundant synonymous taxon of Trogodermina
Cryptorhopalina (subtribe)
Synonymy
nomen nudum
p. 18 Cryptorhopalina is treated as synonymous to Trogodermina; Cryptorhopalum represents a clade closely allied to the rest of Trogodermina
Dermalius (subgenus)
Classification
provisionally accepted
p. 20 Treated equally to other subgenera Dermestinus and Derbyana, although specified under "Dermestini" broadly
Montandonia (subgenus)
Classification
provisionally accepted
p. 20 Treated equally to other subgenera Dermestinus and Derbyana, although specified under "Dermestini" broadly
Caccoleptoides (genus)
Citation
accepted
p. 21 "Genera of uncertain status"
Paratrogoderma (genus)
Citation
accepted
p. 21 "Genera of uncertain status"
Picorphinus (genus)N/A
Citation
provisionally accepted
p. 21 Omitted from classification, therefore implied subgeneric (or synonymous) status for the non-studied taxon, similarly to other taxa
Turcicornis (genus)
Citation
accepted
p. 21 "Genera of uncertain status"
Valdesetosum (genus)
Citation
accepted
p. 21 "Genera of uncertain status"
Volvicornis (genus)
Citation
accepted
p. 21 "Genera of uncertain status"
Trogoderma (genus)
ClassificationMolecular Data
accepted
Myrmeanthrenus (genus)
Synonymy
provisionally accepted
Trinoparvini (tribe)
Synonymy
provisionally accepted
Junior synonym of Trinodini; Trinoparvini makes Trinodini paraphyletic
Lanorus (genus)
Resurrection
accepted
Weiranthrenus (subgenus)
Synonymy
provisionally accepted
Implied synonymy, since Myrmeanthrenus (includes Weiranthrenus which itself was not mentioned) and Anthrenocerus are part of Eurhopalus
Dearthrus (genus)
Molecular Data
provisionally accepted
Two American Dearthrus species make Globicornis paraphyletic, suggesting synonymy
Sodaliatoma (genus)Sodaliatoma, Sodaliotoma [sic]
Synonymy
provisionally accepted
Junior synonym of Eurhopalus. Inconsistent spelling (correct is Sodaliatoma)
Dermestidae (family)
RedescriptionClassification
accepted
Dermestinae (subfamily)
Redescription
accepted
Nathrenus (subgenus)
Classification
accepted
Neoanthrenus removed from synonymy with Nathrenus
Thorictini (tribe)
Redescription
accepted
Dermestes matthewsi
Molecular Data
accepted
Reesa (genus)
Synonymy
provisionally accepted
Attagenus pellio
Molecular Data
accepted
Anthrenocerus (genus)
Synonymy Molecular Data
provisionally accepted
bifasciatus (group)
Molecular Data
accepted
Eurhopalus (genus)
Resurrection Classification
synonym
Thorictinae (subfamily)
Nomenclatural Act
accepted